Application of Newly Developed Additives in Printing and Dyeing Materials

Environmentally friendly oxygen bleaching stabilizers and chelating agents have previously relied on compounds such as nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA). Although these compounds are effective, they have poor biodegradability after chelating metals; therefore, recent European regulations have prohibited their use. New environmentally friendly chelating agents have been developed, such as diethylenetriaminepenta(methylenephosphonic) acid (DTPMP) and sodium polyacrylate (PASS). These new additives not only possess strong metal ion complexing ability and excellent scale removal properties but are also easily biodegradable, preventing environmental pollution. Currently available products on the market include Prestogen PL and Mirokai 54H. The chelating agent S produced in China is also an environmentally friendly chelating agent primarily composed of organic phosphonates, supplemented with special synergistic components, achieving performance levels comparable to similar foreign products.

Environmentally friendly oxygen bleaching stabilizers and environmentally friendly chelating agents have previously used compounds such as nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) in the fields of oxygen bleaching stabilizers and chelating agents. Although they have good effects, their biodegradability is poor after chelating metals; therefore, European laws have prohibited their use in recent years. New environmentally friendly chelating agents such as diethylenetriaminepenta(methylenephosphonic) acid (DTPMP) and sodium polyacrylate (PASS) have been developed. These new additives not only have strong metal ion complexing ability and excellent scale removal properties but are also easy to biodegrade, thus not causing environmental pollution. Currently, products available on the market include Prestogen PL and Mirokai 54H. The chelating agent S produced in our country is also an environmentally friendly chelating agent mainly composed of organic phosphonates, supplemented with special synergistic components, achieving performance levels comparable to similar foreign products.

Biological enzyme preparations are used for fabric pretreatment, and they are easily degradable, resulting in a smaller environmental impact. Currently, amylase is used for desizing, cellulase is used for smoothing and reduction treatments, and pectinase and cellulase are used for refining cotton fibers. The main products in this area include Cellusoft, a cellulase used for the softening and finishing of cotton, linen, Tencel, etc.; BioPrep, a pectinase used for the scouring of cotton, which can replace traditional strong alkaline scouring processes; IND-80L, also a pectinase used for the scouring of cotton; and IND-88L, a cellulase that can be combined with IND-80L to form a composite enzyme for refining cotton. For example, using the composite enzyme made of pectinase IND-80L and cellulase IND-88L for enzyme-hydrogen peroxide bleaching of cotton fibers can achieve the same wetting effect, dyeability, and uniform dyeing properties as traditional alkaline-hydrogen peroxide bleaching processes.

In the field of dispersants, the most commonly used environmentally friendly dispersants are sulfonated compounds of naphthalene and its derivatives, as well as formaldehyde condensates, such as dispersant NNO, dispersant MF, and dispersant CNF. Only 25% to 30% of the wastewater generated during the manufacturing process of these products can be biodegraded. In recent years, BASF in Germany has successfully developed a new environmentally friendly dispersant, Setamol E, which is a mixture of aromatic sulfonic acids and sodium carboxylic acids. In addition to excellent dispersibility, it also has good biodegradability and has been widely used in dye applications. Additionally, the application of lignosulfonate dispersants, such as dispersant W, is also expanding.

Currently, the dyeing and printing industry is undergoing technological innovation, increasing demand, and intensifying market competition. With the recovery of the global economy, the demand for textiles continues to grow, and the dyeing and printing industry, as an important link in the textile industry chain, is also showing a steady development trend.

Current Situation of the Textile Printing and Dyeing Industry

The textile dyeing and printing industry is an important sector that is widely involved and closely connected to people's lives. Currently, with the development of the global economy and the improvement of living standards, the status of the textile dyeing and printing industry is also constantly changing. Below is a brief overview of the current situation in this industry.

Textile Printing and Dyeing Waste Gas Treatment Technology Solutions

The textile printing and dyeing industry generates a large amount of waste gas during the processing, which not only pollutes the environment but also poses a threat to human health. Therefore, adopting effective waste gas treatment technologies is crucial for the textile printing and dyeing industry. Below are some technical solutions for treating waste gas in textile printing and dyeing.

The three major processes of dyeing and printing.

The preparation of raw fabric includes raw fabric inspection, re-rolling (by batch, by box, printing), and seam sewing. The purpose of raw fabric inspection is to check the quality of the grey fabric and to address any issues promptly. The inspection content includes physical indicators and appearance defects. Burning off the fluff aims to remove the fluff on the fabric surface, making it smooth and aesthetically pleasing, and to prevent uneven dyeing and printing defects caused by the presence of fluff during dyeing and printing. To facilitate smooth weaving, textile factories often apply sizing to the warp yarn to enhance strength and abrasion resistance. The sizing on the grey fabric affects the fabric's water absorption properties, impacts the quality of dyed and finished products, and increases the consumption of dyeing chemicals. Therefore, the sizing should be removed before boiling and processing, a process known as desizing.

Types and Characteristics of Textile Coating and Finishing

Coating finishing is a common textile post-finishing technique, which generally includes the following methods.

The principle of dyeing

The dyeing process of fiber fabrics generally goes through three stages: surface adsorption, internal diffusion, and dye fixation.